• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    ABSTRACT Provided is an isotope delivery system (4000) and a method for irradiating a target (122) and delivering the target (122) to an extraction point. The isotope delivery system (4100) may include a cable (100) including at least one target (122) for irradiation, a drive system (300) configured for moving the cable (100), and a first guide (4100) configured to guide the cable (100) for insertion and extraction from a nuclear reactor (10). The method for irradiating a target (122) and delivering a target (122) may include pushing a cable (100) with an attached target (122) through a first guide (4100) and into a nuclear reactor (10) using a drive system (300), irradiating the target (122) in the nuclear reactor (10), pulling the cable (100) with the attached irradiated target (122) towards the drive system (300), pushing the cable (100) with the irradiated target (122) towards a loading/unloading area (2000) using the drive system (300), and placing the irradiated target (122) into a transfer cask, wherein the cable (100) is pulled and pushed by the drive system (300). 32
    公开号:SE537149C2
    申请号:SE1050867
    申请日:2010-08-24
    公开日:2015-02-17
    发明作者:Bradley Bloomquist；Jennifer M Bowie；Heather Hatton；William Earl Ii Russell；David Grey Smith；Nicholas R Gilman
    申请人:Ge Hitachi Nucl Energy America；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [2] [0002] Technetium-99m (m is metastable) is a radionuclide used in nuclear medicaldiagnostic imaging. Technetium-99m is injected into a patient Which, When used Withcertain specialized pieces of equipment, is used to image the patient°s intemal organs.
    [3] [0003] Molybdenum-99 may be produced by placing natural mo lybdenum metal orenriched mo lybdenum-98 into a core, Which is then irradiated Within a nuclear reactor°sneutron flux. Molybdenum-98 absorbs a neutron during the irradiation process andbecomes molybdenum-99 (Mo-99). Mo-99 is unstable and decays With a 66-hour half-lifeto technetium-99m (m is metastable). After the irradiation step, the irradiated mo lybdenumcan be processed into a Titanium Mo lybdate chemistry and placed in a column for elution.Subsequently, saline is passed through the irradiated titanium mo lybdate to remove thetechnetium-99m ions from the irradiated titanium mo lybdate. HoWever, technetium-99mhas a halflife of only six (6) hours, therefore, readily available sources of technetium-99m are desired.
    [4] [0004] Example embodiments provide a cable driven isotope delivery system and amethod for delivering an irradiation target to the nuclear reactor”s neutron flux and retrievingthe target material.
    [5] [0005] In accordance with example embodiments, an isotope delivery system mayinclude a cable including at least one target for irradiation, a drive system configured to movethe cable, and a first guide configured to guide the cable to and from a nuclear reactor°s core.[0006] In accordance with example embodiments, a method for irradiating a target anddelivering a target may include pushing and/or the retracting of a cable with an attachedtarget through a first guide and into a nuclear reactor°s neutron flux using a drive system,irradiating the target in the nuclear reactor, retracting the cable with the attached irradiatedtarget towards the drive system, pushing the cable with the irradiated target towards aloading/unloading area using the drive system, and placing the irradiated target into a transfer cask, wherein the cable is pulled and pushed by the drive system.
    [8] [0008] FIG. l is a view of a conventional reactor pressure vessel;
    [9] [0009] FIG. 2 is a view showing a cable driven isotope delivery system according toexample embodiments;
    [10] [0010] FIG. 3 is a partial view of a cable with connectors that are being used with a cabledriven isotope system according to example embodiments;
    [11] [0011] FIG. 4 is a close-up view of a target portion of the cable and end connectorsaccording to example embodiments;
    [12] [0012] FIGS. 5 is a view of a drive system for a cable driven isotope delivery systemaccording to example embodiments;
    [13] [0013] FIG. 6 is front view showing a gear reduction, worrn drive system, with a helicalgear meshing with helical winding of a cable according to example embodiments;
    [14] [0014] FIGS. 7-8 are views of a cable guide according to example embodiments;
    [15] [0015] FIGS. 9-10 are views of an additional cable guide according to exampleembodiments;
    [16] [0016] FIG. ll is a flowchart illustrating a method of irradiating a target according toexample embodiments;
    [17] [0017] FIG. 12 is a view of a conventional Transverse-In-Probe system;
    [18] [0018] FIG. 13 is a view of a modified Transverse-In-Probe system according to exampleembodiments;
    [19] [0019] FIG. 14 is a view of a wye guide according to example embodiments.
    [20] [0020] Example embodiments Will now be described more fully With reference to theaccompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in manydifferent forrns and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forthherein; rather, example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure Will be thoroughand complete, and Will fully convey the inVentiVe concept to those skilled in the art. In thedraWings, the thicknesses of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity.
    [21] [0021] It Will be understood that When a component, for example, a layer, a region, or asubstrate is referred to as being "on", “connected to”, or “coupled to” another componentthroughout the specification, it can be directly “on", “connected to”, or “coupled to” the othercomponent, or interVening layers that may be present. On the other hand, When acomponent is referred to as being “directly on", “directly connected to”, or “directly coupledto” another component, it Will be understood that no interVening layer is present. Likereference numerals denote like elements. As used in the present specification, the term“and/or” includes one of listed, corresponding items or combinations of at least one item.[0022] In the present description, terms such as “f1rst°, “second°, etc. are used to describevarious members, components, regions, layers, and/or portions. However, it is obvious thatthe members, components, regions, layers, and/or portions should not be defined by theseterms. The terms are used only for distinguishing one member, component, region, layer, orportion from another member, component, region, layer, or portion. Thus, a first member, component, region, layer, or portion Which Will be described may also refer to a second member, component, region, layer, or portion, Without departing from the teaching of thepresent general inventive concept.
    [23] [0023] Relative terms, such as “under,” “1oWer,” “bottom,” “on,” “upper,” and/or “top”,may be used herein to describe one element°s relationship to another element as illustrated inthe figures. It Will be understood that relative terms are intended to encompass differentorientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example,if the device in the figures is tumed over, elements described as being on the “upper” side ofother elements Would then be oriented on “loWer” sides of the other elements. Theexemplary term “upper”, can therefore, encompass both an orientation of “loWer” and“upper”, depending of the particular orientation of the figure.
    [24] [0024] The terrninology used herein is for the purpose of describing exampleembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, thesingular forms "a," "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as Well, unless thecontext clearly indicates otherwise. It Will be further understood that the terms "comprises"and/or "comprising," When used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features,integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence oraddition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components,and/or groups thereof
    [25] [0025] FIG. 1 is an illustration of a conventional reactor pressure vessel 10 usable Withexample embodiments and example methods. Reactor pressure vessel 10 may be used in at least a 100 MWe commercial light Water nuclear reactor conventionally used for electricity generation throughout the World. Reactor pressure vessel 10 may be positioned Within a containment structure 411 that serves to contain radioactivity in the case of an accident andprevent access to reactor°s pressure vessel 10 during operation of the reactor°s core 15. Acavity below the reactor°s pressure vessel 10, known as a drywell 20, serves to houseequipment servicing the vessel such as pumps, drains, instrumentation tubes, and/or controlrod drives, etc. As shown in FIG. l, at least one instrumentation tube 50 extends verticallyinto the reactor pressure vessel 10 and well into or through the reactor°s core 15 containingnuclear fuel bundles and relatively high amounts of neutron flux during operation of thereactor”s core 15. Instrumentation tubes 50 may be generally cylindrical and widen withheight of the reactor pressure vessel 10; however, other instrumentation tube geometries arecommonly encountered in the industry. An instrumentation tube 50 may have an innerdiameter and/or clearance of approximately 0.3 inch in diameter, for example.
    [26] [0026] The instrumentation tubes 50 may terminate below the reactor°s pressure vessel 10in the drywell 20. Conventionally, instrumentation tubes 50 may permit neutron fluxdetectors, and other types of detectors, to be inserted therein through an opening at a lowerend in the drywell 20. These detectors may extend up through instrumentation tubes 50 tomonitor conditions in the reactor°s core 15. Examples of conventional monitor typesinclude wide range detectors (WRNM), source range monitors (SRM), interrnediate rangemonitors (IRM), and/or Local Power Range Monitors (LPRM).
    [27] [0027] FIG. 2 illustrates a first example embodiment of the cable driven isotope deliverysystem 1000 that may use the instrument tubes 50 to deliver an irradiation target into thereactor°s pressure vessel 10. As will be shortly illustrated, the cable driven isotope delivery system 1000 may be capable of transferring an irradiation target from a loading/unloading area 2000, to an instrumentation tube 50 of the reactor pressure vessel 10, and from theinstrumentation tube 50 of the reactor pressure vessel 10 to the loading/unloading area 2000.As shown in FIG. 2, the cable driven isotope delivery system 1000 may include a cable 100,tubing 200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d, a drive mechanism 300, a first guide 400, and a secondguide 500. The tubing 200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d may be configured to allow the cable100 to slide therein. Accordingly, the tubing 200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d may act as astiffener to aid in guiding the cable 100 from one point in the cable driven isotope deliverysystem 1000 to another point in the cable driven isotope delivery system 1000.
    [28] [0028] An example of the cable 100 is illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. The example cable100 resembles a rope having two portions: 1) a relatively long driving portion 110; and 2) atarget portion 120. The driving portion 110 of the cable 100 may be made from a materialhaving a low nuclear cross-section such as aluminum, silicon, and/or stainless steel. Thedriving portion 110 of the cable 100 may be braided in order to increase the flexibility andstiffness and/or strength of the cable 100 so that the cable 100 may be easily bendable andcapable of being wrapped around a reel, for example, the cable storage reel 320 of FIG. 6.Although the cable 100 may be easily bendable, the cable should be configured to besufficiently stiff in an axial direction of the cable so that the cable 100 may be pushed and/orretracted through the aforementioned tubing 200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d without buckling.[0029] The driving portion 110 of the cable 100 may include a helical winding 112 on theoutside of the driving portion 110. As will be explained shortly, the helical winding 112may be configured to cooperate with a helical gear 330 that may be present in the drive system 300 (see FIG. 6). However, the invention is not limited by the helical winding 112 as a Variety of patterns (e. g. a multi-helix pattern), or no pattern, may be substituted for thehelical winding 112. The driving portion 110 may also be configured to advance into aninstrumentation tube 50. Accordingly, the outside diameter of the driving portion 110 maybe less than 1 inch, for example, the outside diameter of the driving portion 110 of the cable100 may be about 0.27 inches.
    [30] [0030] The driving portion 110 may further include markings 116 on or in the cable 100that may be tracked by a counter. The counter may determine how far a portion of the cable100 has traveled to and/or from the drive system 300 based on the markings 116. Thisfeature may be useful in the event an operator desires to know how far into the reactorpressure vessel 10 the cable 100 has traveled. This feature may also be useful in the eventan operator desires to know how far into the loading/unloading area 2000 the cable hastraveled. This feature may prevent or reduce system damage and down time. However,the invention is not limited to a cable 100 having the aforementioned markings as otherdevices may be used to track the position of the cable 100. For example, an encodingdevice may be coupled to the helical gear 330 of the drive mechanism 300 to relate a cableposition as a function of the rotational movement of the gear 330 or to the motor 340 whichmay be used to drive the cable 100 .
    [31] [0031] As shown in FIG. 4, the target portion 120 of the example cable 100 may includea plurality of irradiation targets 122 attached to a first end 114(See Fig. 3)of the drivingportion 110. The plurality of irradiation targets 122, may for example, include irradiationtargets having an atomic weight of greater than 3. The plurality of irradiation targets 122, for example, may include a plurality of mo lybdenum pellets threaded by a wire-like or flexible cable material 124. The Wire-like or flexible cable material 124 may also be madefrom the same material as the irradiation targets 122, thus, the Wire-like or flexible cablematerial 124 may also be made from additional target material . As shown in FIG. 4, theirradiation targets 122 may be strung together in a manner resembling a string of pearls.Accordingly, the irradiation targets 122 may be strung so as to form a flexible, structure. InFIG. 4, sixteen irradiation targets 122 are shoWn, hoWever, the invention is not limitedthereto as any number of targets that may be strung together . The length of the targetportion 120 may vary depending on a number of factors such as the material that is beingirradiated, the size of the irradiation targets, the amount of radiation the target is expected tobe exposed to, or the geometry of the instrument tubes 50. As an example, the targetportion 120 may be up to 12 feet long.
    [32] [0032] It should be emphasized that an irradiation target is a target that is irradiated forthe purpose of generating radioisotopes. Accordingly, sensors, Which may be irradiated bya nuclear reactor and Which may generate radioisotopes, do not fall Within the scope of termtarget as used herein since their purpose is to detect the state of the reactor rather than togenerate radioisotopes.
    [33] [0033] Referring to FIGS. 3 - 4, the target portion 120 may include a first end cap 126 ata first end 127 of the target portion 120 and a second end cap 128 at a second end 129 of thetarget portion 120. The first end cap 126 of the target portion may be configured to attachto a first end 114 of the driving portion 110. The first end cap 126 of the target portion andthe first end 114 of the driving portion 110 may form a quick connect/disconnect connection.
    [34] [0034] Referring to FIGS. 5-6, the drive system 300 of the cable driven isotope deliverysystem 1000 may include a framework 310 supporting a cable storage reel 320, a worrn drive330, and a motor 340 for driving the worrn drive 330. The cable storage reel 320 mayresemble a vertically oriented circular wheel or a drum like device around which the cable100 may be wrapped. The cable storage reel 320 may include a cable storage reel shaft 322through the center of the cable storage reel 320 to allow the cable storage reel 320 to rotate.The cable storage reel shaft 322 may be supported by sealed pillow block or other types ofbearings (not shown). Accordingly, cable storage reel 320 may rotate in either a clockwise(CW) or in a counter clockwise (CCW) direction, as shown in FIG. 6.
    [35] [0035] The worrn drive 330 may include a helical gear 333 with teeth 335 configured tomesh with the helical winding 112 of the cable 100. Thus, if the helical gear 333 rotates inthe (CCW) direction, as shown in FIG. 6, the cable 100 may be unwound from the cablestorage reel 320 and advanced away from the drive system 300. If the helical gear 333rotates in the (CW) direction as shown in FIG. 6, the cable 100 may be pulled towards the drive system 300 to be stored back onto the cable storage reel 320.
    [36] [0036] The cable 100 may be wound on the cable storage reel 320. The cable l00 mayalso be partially supported by the helical gear 333. As one skilled in the art would readilyrecognize, a helical gear 333 has inclined and/or curved teeth. Accordingly, in this exampleof a drive system, the teeth 335 of the helical gear 333 may be conf1gured to compliment thehelical winding ll2 on the outside of the driving portion ll0 of the cable l00. Thus, thecable l00 may be moved towards or away from the drive system 300 by operating the worrndrive 330 and the motor 340.
    [37] [0037] The drive system 300 may further include a coil spring 324 or counter weightoperatively connected to the cable storage reel 320. . The coil spring 324 or counter weightmay be conf1gured to bias the storage reel 320 to rotate in a clockwise direction ((CW) asshown in FIG. 8) thus keeping the cable l00 taut between the helical gear 333 and the cablestorage reel 320 to reduce back-lash within the cable drive system 300. Additionally thecoil spring 324 or counter weight can serve as a safety back up system for the removal of thecable l00 from the reactor core l5 should the motor 340 fail after the target material has beenposition within the core 15 of the reactor.
    [38] [0038] Although the example drive system 300 is illustrated as having a worrn drive 330to move the cable l00 to or from the drive system 300, the invention is not limited thereto.For example, a pair of pinch rollers may be utilized instead of a helical gear 333 to pinch andmove the cable l00 to or from the drive system 300. As another example, a hand crank maybe attached to the helical gear 333 or cable storage reel shaft 322 to provide for a manual control method of inserting and/or the extraction of the cable l00, (not pictured). 11
    [39] [0039] Referring to FIGS. 2, 7, and 8, the first guide 400 may be configured to guide thecable 100 to either a loading/unloading area 2000 or the instrument tubes 50 of the nuclearreactor pressure vessel 10. The first guide 400 may include a horizontal base plate 410, a firstvertical plate 420 near a first end of the horizontal base plate 410, a second vertical plate 430near a second end of the horizontal base plate 410, a multi-diameter shaft 440 between thefirst vertical plate 420 and the second vertical plate 430, a set of bevel gears 446A and 446B,a cable guide tube 460, and a rotary gear-driven cylinder 448 to rotate the multi-diametershaft 440.
    [40] [0040] Referring to FIG. 7, the horizontal rectangular base plate 410 may have a relativelylong length in a first horizontal direction; a relatively short length in a second horizontaldirection, and a thickness in a vertical direction. The first vertical plate 420 and the secondvertical plate 430 may be attached to a containment structure 411 of the horizontal base plate410. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the first and second vertical plates 420 and 430 may beoriented so that thicknesses of the first and second vertical plates 420 and 430 extend Withinthe first horizontal direction of the base plate 410. The first and second vertical plates 420and 430 may be attached to the horizontal base plate 410 using, for example, machinebrackets 422 and screWs 424. HoWever, the example first guide 400 is not limited thereto.For example as an altemate method of attachment, the first and second vertical plates 420and 430 may, be Welded to the base plate 410.
    [41] [0041] The first vertical plate 420 may include a single cable entry point 490 throughWhich the cable 100 may pass and the second vertical plate 430 may include at least tWo cable exit points 492 and 494 one of Which directs the cable 100 to the loading/unloading 12 area 2000 and the other of the cable exit points 492 and 494 to the reactor pressure vessel 10.For example, cable exit point 492 may direct the cable l00 to the loading/unloading area2000 and cable exit point 494 may direct the cable l00 towards the reactor pressure vessel l 0.
    [42] [0042] A multi-diameter shaft 440 may be provided between the first vertical plate 420and the second vertical plate 430. As shown in FIGS. 7-8, the multi-diameter shaft 440 mayhave a first portion 442 having a first diameter d1 near the first vertical plate 420 and asecond portion 444 having a second diameter d; near the second vertical plate 430. A bevelgear 446A may be provided in the multi-diameter shaft 440 at the interface between the firstportion 442 and the second portion 444. The ends of the multi-diameter shaft 440 may berotationally supported by the first and second vertical plates 420 and 430 so that themulti-diameter shaft 440 is easily rotatable about its axis.
    [43] [0043] The cable guide tube 460 may include a first end 462 supported by the first portion442 of the multi-diameter shaft 440. The cable guide tube 460 may also include a secondend 464 supported by a crank 480 which in tum is rigidly connected to the second portion444 of the multi-diameter shaft 440. As shown in FIGS. 7-8, the first portion 442 of themulti-diameter shaft 440 may include a slot 450 to accommodate the cable guide tube 460 sothat the first end 462 of the cable guide tube 460 may be aligned with the first cable entrypoint 490 to receive the cable l00.
    [44] [0044] The rotary cylinder 448 may be configured to rotate a bevel gear 446B. Forexample, the rotary cylinder 448 may be attached to bevel gear 446B having teeth configured to mesh with the teeth 335 if the bevel gear 446A of the multi-diameter shaft 440. 13 Accordingly, the rotary cylinder 448 may operate to rotate the bevel gear 446B which in turnrotates the bevel gear 446A attached to the multi-diameter shaft 440 which thereby rotatesthe multi-diameter shaft 440 supported by the vertical plates 420 and 430. Because thecable guide tube 460 is attached to the multi-diameter shaft 440, the rotation of themulti-diameter shaft 440 causes the cable guide tube 460 to move thereby allowing foralignment of the second end 464 of the cable guide tube 460 with either of the cable exitpoints 492, 494. Therefore, an operator may configure the first guide 400 to direct the cable100 to one of the cable exit points 492, 494 by operating the rotary cylinder 448. Inaccordance with example embodiments, the operation of the rotary cylinder 448 may becontrolled remotely by the operator.
    [45] [0045] Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the second guide 500 may be configured to guide thecable 100 to any one of a number of instrumentation tubes 50 in the nuclear reactor pressurevessel 10. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the second guide 500 may be cylindrically shapedhaving a first circular end plate 510 associated with one of the cylindrically shaped secondguide 500 and a second circular end plate 520 associated with another end of thecylindrically shaped second guide 500.
    [46] [0046] The first circular end plate 510 may have a cable entry point 550 configured toreceive the cable 100. As shown in FIG. 9 &10, the cable entry point 550 may be located inthe center of the first circular end plate 510. The second circular end plate 520 may includea plurality of cable exit points 560 which may be connected to any one of a number of instrumentation tubes 50 located within the reactor°s core 15. The cable exit points 560 14 may be arranged in a Circular pattern on the second Circular end plate 520 such that the centerof the Circular pattern is coincident with the center of the second Circular end plate 520.[0047] The second guide 500 may also include a shaft 530 having a first end 532 of theshaft 530 substantially supported by the first Circular end plate 510 and a second end 534 ofthe shaft 530 substantially supported by the second Circular end plate 520. As shown inFIGS. 10, the first end 532 of the shaft 530 may include rotation gear 562 that may beconnected to a motor (not shown) so that the shaft 530 may be rotated via the operation of themotor. Additionally, the second end 534 of the shaft 530 may be attached to a locking gear570 that may rotate as the shaft 530 rotates about its center.
    [48] [0048] The second guide 500 may further include a cable guide tube 540 configured toreceive the cable 100. As shown in FIG. 10, a first end 532 of the shaft 530 may be slottedto accommodate a first end 542 of the cable guide tube 540 so that the first end 542 of thecable guide tube 540 may be aligned with the cable entry point 550 to receive the cable 100.A second end 544 of the cable guide tube 540 may be attached to the locking gear 570 so thatthe second end 544 of the cable guide tube 540 may be aligned with at least one of the cableexit points 560.
    [49] [0049] As discussed above, a motor and/or a manual hand-cranking device (not shown)may be provided to rotate the rotation gear 562 thereby rotating the shaft 530. The rotationof the shaft 530, in tum, causes the cable guide tube 540 to rotate thereby allowing foralignment of the second end 544 of the cable guide tube 540 with any one of the cable exitpoints 560. Therefore, an operator may conf1gure the second guide 500 to guide the cable 100 to any of the multi-cable exit points 560 by operating the motor and/or the manual hand-cranking device (not shown) to rotate the cable guide tube 540 into a desired position.Accordingly, the operator may direct the cable 100 to a desired instrumentation tube 50within the reactor pressure vessel 10. In accordance with example embodiments, theoperation of the motor may be controlled remotely by the operator.
    [50] [0050] As illustrated in FIG.2, the cable driven isotope delivery system l000 may includea cable 100, tubing 200a, 200b, 200c, 200d, a drive system 300, a first guide 400, and asecond guide 500. The tubing 200a may be provided between the drive system 300 and thefirst guide 400. The tubing 200c may be provided between the first guide 400 and thesecond guide 500. The tubing 200d may be provided between the second guide 500 and theentrance within the reactor pressure vessel 10 and then onward into an instrumentation tube50. The tubing 200b may be provided between the first guide 400 and theloading/unloading area 2000. The tubing 200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d may be provided tosupport and guide the cable 100, accordingly, the tubing 200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d may beconfigured to have a relatively low coefficient of friction and be resistant to corrosion.[0051] In consideration of the described cable driven isotope delivery system 1000, amethod of irradiating a target is described with reference to FIGS. l-l0 when using aflowchart see Figure ll. The example method of irradiating a target is not limited to usewith example embodiments of the cable driven isotope system described above nor is themethod limited to the operations recited below. Furthermore, the example method ofirradiating a target does not limit example embodiments of the cable driven isotope system.Rather, the example method of irradiating a target is provided merely for exemplary purposes and should not be construed as limiting the invention. 16
    [52] [0052] Initially, an operator may configure the first guide 400 and the second guide 500so that the cable is advanced to the appropriate destination. For example, as shown inoperation 5000, an operator may configure the first guide 400 to send the cable 100 to theloading/unloading area 2000 and may configure the second guide 500 to send the cable 100to the desired instrumentation tube 50. For example, the operator may conf1gure first guide400 to send the cable 100 to the loading/unloading area 2000 by controlling the rotarycylinder 448 to rotate the multi-diameter shaft 440 to position the cable guide tube 460 in theproper orientation. For example, the operator may control the rotary cylinder 448 to rotatethe multi-diameter shaft 440 to rotate the cable guide tube 460 so that the second end 464 ofthe cable guide tube 460 is aligned With a cable exit point 492 Which may connect to tubing200b leading to the loading/unloading area 2000. Similarly, the operator may conf1gure thesecond guide 500 to send the cable 100 to desired instrumentation tube 50 by controlling amotor and/or a manual hand-cranking device (not shown) in the second guide 500 to rotatethe cable guide tube 540 in the proper orientation. For example, the operator may controlthe motor and/or manual hand-cranking device to rotate the shaft 530 so that the second end544 of the cable guide tube 540 is aligned With a desired cable exit point 560 Which mayconnect to tubing 200d leading to the desired instrumentation tube 50.
    [53] [0053] After configuring the first and second guides 400 and 500, an operator mayoperate the driving system 300 to advance the cable through tubing 200a, the first guide 400,and the second tubing 200b to place the first end ll4 of the driving portion ll0 of the cable100 into the loading/unloading area 2000 as described in operation 5100. During this operation, the operator may advance the cable l00 by controlling the Worrn gear 330 to rotate 17 in a counter clockwise direction (CCW) as shown in FIG. 6. The location of the first end114 of the driving portion 110 of the cable 100 may be tracked by the operator via markings116 on the cable 100. In the alternative, the position of the first end 114 of the drivingportion 110 of the cable 100 may be known from information collected from an encoder 334that may be connected to the worrn drive 330.
    [54] [0054] After the cable 100 has been positioned in the loading/unloading area 2000, theoperator may stop the worrn drive 330 from rotating thereby stopping the movement of thecable 100. The irradiation targets 122 may then be connected to the cable 100 (operation5200). The irradiation targets 122 may be strung together by a wire-like material124 asshown in FIG. 4 that may be connected to the first end 114 of the driving portion 110 of thecable 100.
    [55] [0055] After the irradiation targets 122 are connected to the cable 100, an operator mayoperate the drive system 300 to pull the cable 100 from the loading/unloading area 2000through the tubing 200b and through the first guide 400 (operation 5300). During thisoperation, the operator may control the worrn drive 330 to rotate the helical gear 333 in aclockwise direction (CW), as shown in FIG. 6, thus pulling the cable 100 from theloading/unloading area 2000. The location of the cable 100 may be tracked by the operatorvia the markings 116 on the cable 100. In the altemative, the position of the first end 114 ofthe driving portion 110 of the cable 100 may be known from information collected from anencoder 334 that may be connected to the helical gear 333.
    [56] [0056] After the cable 100, including the irradiation targets 122, is pulled through the first guide 400, the operator may stop the worrn drive 330 from rotating thereby stopping the 18 movement of the cable 100. The operator may then reconfigure the first guide 400 to sendthe cable 100 with the irradiation targets 122 to the reactor pressure vessel 10 (operation5400). The first guide 400 may be reconfigured by controlling the rotary cylinder 448 torotate the multi-diameter shaft 440 to position the cable guide tube 460 in the properorientation. For example, the operator may control the rotary cylinder 448 to rotate themulti-diameter shaft 440 to rotate the cable guide tube 460 so that the second end 464 of thecable guide tube 460 is aligned with a cable exit point 494 that may connect to tubing 200cleading to the second guide 500.
    [57] [0057] After the first guide is reconf1gured, the operator may advance the cable 100 withthe irradiation targets 122 through the third tubing 200c, the second guide 500, will requirean operator to configure the second guide 500 so as to allow the cable 100 with targets 122 toadvance within the fourth tubing 200d, and into the desired instrumentation tube 50(operation 5500). During this operation, the operator may advance the cable 100 bycontrolling the worrn drive 330 to rotate the helical gear 333 in a counter clockwise direction(CCW) as shown in FIG. 6. The location of the first end 114 of the driving portion 110 ofthe cable 100 may be tracked by the operator via markings 116 on the cable 100. In thealtemative, the position of the first end 114 of the driving portion 110 of the cable 100 maybe known from information collected from an encoder 334 that may be connected to thehelical gear 333.
    [58] [0058] After the cable 100 with the irradiation targets 122 has been advanced to the appropriate location within the instrumentation tube 50, the operator may stop the worrn drive 330 from rotating thus holding the irradiation targets 122 in the instrumentation tube 50. 19 At this point, the targets may be irradiated for the proper time (operation 5600). After theirradiation targets 122 have been irradiated the operator may operate the drive system 300 toretract the cable 100 With the irradiated targets 122 through the instrumentation tube 50, thefourth tubing 200d, the second guide 500, the third tubing 200c and the first guide 400(operation 5700). For example, the operator may control the Worrn drive 330 to rotate thehelical gear 333 clockwise (CW) as shown in FIG. 6 until the cable 100 With the irradiationtargets 122 is draWn through the first guide 400. During this operation, the operator maytrack the location of the irradiation targets 122 using the markings 116 on the cable 100. Inthe altemative, the operator may utilize information from an encoder 334 connected to thehelical gear 333 to track the location of the irradiation targets 122.
    [59] [0059] After the irradiation targets 122 have been irradiated and draWn back into the firstguide 400 via an operation of the drive system 300, the operator may stop the Worrn drive330 from rotating thereby stopping the movement of the cable 100 With the attached targetportion 120. An operator may then reconfigure the first guide 400 so that the cable 100 maybe advanced to the loading/unloading area 2000 (operation 5800). For example, theoperator may reconfigure first guide 400 to send the cable 100 to the loading/unloading area2000 by controlling the rotary cylinder 448 to rotate the multi-diameter shaft 440 to positionthe cable guide tube 460 in the proper orientation. For example, the operator may controlthe rotary cylinder 448 to rotate the multi-diameter shaft 440 to rotate the cable guide tube460 so that the second end 464 of the cable guide tube 460 is aligned With a cable exit point 492 and 494 Which may connect to tubing 200b leading to the loading/unloading area 2000.
    [60] [0060] After reconfiguring the first guide 400, an operator may operate the drive system300 to advance the cable 100 through the first guide 400, and the second tubing 200b to placethe first end 114 of the driving portion 110 of the cable 100 and the irradiation targets 122into the loading/unloading area 2000 as described in operation 5900. During this operation,the operator may advance the cable 100 by controlling the worrn drive 330 to rotate thehelical gear 333 in a counter clockwise direction (CCW) as shown in FIG. 6. The locationof the irradiation targets 122 connected to the driving portion 110 of the cable 100 may betracked by the operator via the markings 116 on the cable 100. In the alternative, theposition of the first end 114 of the driving portion 110 of the cable 100 may be known frominforrnation collected from an encoder 334 that may be connected to the helical gear 333.[0061] Once in the loading/unloading area 2000, the irradiation targets 122 may beremoved from the cable 100 and stored in a transfer cask (operation 6000). In accordancewith an example embodiment of the present invention, the transfer cask may be made of lead,tungsten, and/or depleted uranium in order to adequately shield the irradiated targets frompersonnel. The transfer cask could also be configured to fit into a conventional shippingcask. The loading/unloading area could be configured to allow the transfer cask to beaccessible by a lifting mechanism to facilitate movement of the transfer cask. The transfercask may also be configured with a remote lid so that the transfer cask may be sealedremotely. Additionally, the attachment and detachment of irradiation targets 122 may befacilitated by the use of camera system which may be placed in the loading/unloading area 2000 to allow an operator to visually inspect the equipment during operation. 21
    [62] [0062] The above method is only illustrative of one method of using the cable drivenisotope delivery system 1000, however, the invention is not limited thereto. For example,an operator may configure the second guide 500 at any time prior to the cable 100 enteringthe second guide 500. As another example, the system may be automated and controlled bya computer aided programming system.
    [63] [0063] Although the above system may be implemented as an entirely new system withinmany existing or future nuclear power plants, the inventive concept is not limited thereto.For example, the inventive concept may be used in conjunction with conventional systemsthat are already conf1gured with a tubing systems leading to an instrumentation tube 50.[0064] For example, some conventional power plants use a Transverse In-core Probe(TIP) system 3000 to monitor neutron therrnal flux within a reactor. A conventional TIPsystem 3000 is illustrated in FIG. 12. As shown in FIG. 12, the TIP system 3000 mayinclude a drive mechanism 3300 for driving a cable 3100, tubing 3200a between the drivesystem 3300 and a chamber shield 3400, tubing 3200b between the chamber shield 3400 andvalves 3600, tubing 3200c between the valves 3600 and a guide 3500, and tubing 3200dbetween the second guide 3500 and an instrument tube 50. The cable 3100 may be similarto the cable 100 described above except that the target portion 120 of cable 100 is replacedwith a TIP sensor. The drive mechanism 3300 used with a conventional TIP system 3000may be structurally and operationally similar to the drive system 300 described above.Accordingly, a description thereof is omitted for brevity. The guide 3500 of a conventionalTIP system 3000 may guide the TIP sensor to a desired instrument tube 50. The guide 3500 may be structurally and operationally similar to the second guide 500 described above, 22 accordingly, a description of guide 3500 is omitted for the sake of brevity. The Chambershield 3400 is well known in the art and resembles a barrel filled with lead pellets. Thechamber shield 3400 is used to store the TIP sensor when the TIP sensor is not utilized in thereactor pressure vessel 10. The valves 3600 are a safety feature utilized with the TIPsystem 3000.
    [65] [0065] Because the TIP system 3000 already includes a tubing system (3200a, 3200b,3200c, and 3200d) and a guide (3500) for guiding a cable 100 into an instrument tube 50, theinventive concept may be applied with an existing TIP system 3000.
    [66] [0066] FIG. 13 illustrates a modified TIP system 4000 in which the inventive conceptmay be applied. As shown in FIG. 13, the modified TIP system 4000 is substantiallysimilar to the TIP system 3000 illustrated in FIG. 13 except that a guide 4100 is introducedbetween the chamber shield wall 3400 and the valves 3600 of the conventional TIP system3000. The guide 4100 may serve as an access point for introducing a cable, for example,cable 100, into the TIP system 3000 when the present TIP system 3000 is not in use. Asshown in FIG. 13, the drive system 300 of the cable driven isotope system 1000 may beplaced in parallel with the drive system 3300 of the TIP system 3000. The drive system 300may include the cable storage reel 320 in which the cable 100 may be wrapped. The drivesystem 300 may also include the worrn drive 330 and helical gear 333 as describedpreviously for moving the cable 100 towards or away from the drive system 300. Asdescribed previously, a tube 200a may extend from the drive system 300 to the guide 400which may direct the cable 100 to a desired location. For example, an operator may conf1gure first guide 400 to direct the cable 100 to a loading/unloading area 2000 via tubing 23 200b by controlling the rotary cylinder 448 of the first guide 400 to align the second end 464of the cable guide tube 460 with the appropriate exit point, for example, exit point 492 and494. However, unlike the previous embodiment, rather than having an exit point whichmay direct the cable 100 to second guide 500, the first guide 400 in this embodiment may beconfigured to direct the cable 100 to the guide 4100 instead. Accordingly, the first guide400 of this embodiment may guide the cable 100 into the present employed TIP system 3000tubing via the guide 4100.
    [67] [0067] A cross-section of the guide 4100 is illustrated in FIG. 14. As shown in FIG. 14,the guide may resemble a WYE having two entry points 4200 and 4300 and one exit point4400. The entry point 4200 may be configured to receive the cable 100 and the entry point4300 may be configured to receive the cable 3100 that would norrnally employ the usage ofthe TIP system 3000. The exit point 4400 may allow either the TIP system°s cable 3100 orthe cable 100 as used by the cable driven isotope delivery system 1000 to exit the guide 4100thus allowing an entrance within the tubing 3200-B2 and into the conventional TIP tubing3200c, the conventional TIP guide 3500, and the conventional TIP tubing 3200d to enterwithin the instrument tubes 50.
    [68] [0068] It should be obvious to one skilled in the art that if the cable driven isotope system1000 is to be used with a conventional TIP system 3000, the cable 100 should be sized tofunction with the existing tubing. In conventional TIP systems 3000, the inner diameter ofthe tubing may be approximately 0.27 inches. Accordingly, the cable 100 may be sized so that dimensions transverse to the cable 100 do not exceed 0.27 inches. 24
    [69] [0069] Additionally, it should be obVious to one skilled in the art that a system, such asthe TIP system 3000 may be modified in other ways which fall within the scope of thepresent inVention. For example, the guide 4100 may be installed between the Valves 3600and the guide 3500 rather than the between the shield 3400 and the Valves 3600.Additionally, the other system known to those skilled in the art may be similarly modifiedrather than the conventional TIP system 3000.
    [70] [0070] While example embodiments have been particularly shown and described withreference to example embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill inthe art that Various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the following claims.
    Parts List Reactor pressure vessel15 Reactor core DryWell 50 Instrumentation tube100 Cable 1 10 Driving portion of cable 1 12 Helical Winding on cable 113 Structure on driving portion of cable 1 14 First end of driving portion of cable 1 16 Markings on cable 120 Target portion of cable 12 2 Irradiation targets 124 Flexible cable material First end cap at a first end of the target portion of126 the cable 126A Internal threads of first end cap 127 First end of the target portion of cable Second end cap at a second end of the target128 portion 129 Second end of the target portion of the cable 200a Tubing 200b Tubing 200c Tubing 200d Tubing 300 Drive system 310 A framework for supporting a cable storage reel 320 Cable storage reel 322 Cable storage reel shaft 324 Coil spring 330 Worm drive 333 Helical gear 334 Encoder 335 Teeth of helical gear 340 Motor for driving Worm drive 400 First guide 410 Horizontal rectangular base plate 41 1 A containment structure 420 First vertical plate 26 422 Machine brackets424 ScreWs430 The second vertical plate440 Multi-diameter shaft442 First portion of multi-diameter shaft444 Second portion of multi-diameter shaft446A Bevel gear446B Bevel gear448 Rotary cylinder450 Slot in multi-diameter shaft460 Cable guide tube462 First end of cable guide tube464 Second end of cable guide tube480 Crank490 Cable entry point492 Cable exit point494 Cable exit point500 Second guide510 First circular end plate520 Second circular end plate530 Shaft of second guide532 First end of the shaft of the second guide534 Second end of the shaft of the second guide540 Cable guide tube of the second guideFirst end of the cable guide tube of the second542 guideSecond end of the cable guide tube of the second544 guide550 Cable entry point560 Cable exit points562 Rotation gear570 Locking gear1000 Cable driven isotope delivery system2000 Loading/unloading areaA conventional Transverse In-core Probe (TIP)3000 system3100 Driving cable3200a Tubing3200b Tubing3200c Tubing3200d Tubing3300 Drive mechanism3400 Chamber shield3500 Guide 27 3600 Valves 4000 A modified TIP system 4100 guide 4200 WYE entry point 4300 WYE entry point 4400 WYE exit point 5000 Process Step 5100 Process Step 5200 Process Step 5300 Process Step 5400 Process Step 5500 Process Step 5600 Process Step 5700 Process Step 5800 Process Step 5900 Process Step 6000 Process Step d1 Diameter of first portion of multidiameter shaft dg Diameter of second portion of multidiameter shaft d3 Diameter of cable guide tube 28
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1] 1. An isotope delivery system (4000), comprising:a cable (100) including at least one target (122) for irradiation;a drive system (300) to move the cable (100); and a first guide (4100) configured to guide the cable (100) to and from a nuclear reactor (10).
    [2] 2. The system of claim 1, Wherein the cable (100) includes a driving portion (110) and a target portion (120) , the target portion (120) including the at least one target (122).
    [3] 3. The system of claim 2, Wherein the target portion (120) includes a plurality of targets (122) threaded by a Wire-like material (124).
    [4] 4. The system of claim 3, Wherein the Wire-like material (124) includes target material Withan atomic Weight greater than 3 and the plurality of targets (122) is a plurality of targets (122) having an atomic Weight greater than 3.
    [5] 5. The system of claim 1, Wherein the drive system (300) includes a reel (320) configured to Wrap the cable (100).
    [6] 6. The system of claim 5, Wherein the drive system (300) includes a device (324) attached to the reel (320) to rotate the reel (320) thereby causing the reel (320) to pull and Wrap the 29 cable (100) around the reel (320).
    [7] 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the drive system (300) includes a second device (330) topush the cable (l00) towards the nuclear reactor (l0) thereby unwrapping the cable (l00) from the reel (320).
    [8] 8. The system of claim l, further comprising: a second guide (350) between the first guide (4l00) and the nuclear reactor (l0) toguide the cable (l00) into the nuclear reactor (l0); a third guide (400) between the drive system (300) and the first guide (4l00) to directthe cable (l00) to one of a loading/unloading area (2000) and the nuclear reactor (l0); and tubing (3200d, 3200c, 200c, 200a, 200b) between the nuclear reactor (l0) and thesecond guide (3500), between the second guide (3500) and the first guide (4l00), betweenthe first guide (4l00) and the third guide (400), between the third guide (400) and the drivesystem (300), and between the loading/unloading area (2000) and the third guide (400), to support and guide the cable (l00).
    [9] 9. A method for irradiating a target (l22) and delivering a target (l22), comprising:pushing a cable (l00) with an attached target (l22) through a first guide (4l00) andinto a nuclear reactor (l0) using a drive system (3 00); irradiating the target (l22) in the nuclear reactor (l0); pulling the cable (100) With the attached irradiated target (122) towards the drivesystem (300); pushing the cable (100) With the irradiated target (122) towards a loading/unloadingarea (2000) using the drive system (300); and placing the irradiated target (122) into a transfer cask, Wherein the cable (100) is pulled and pushed by the drive system (300).
    [10] 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising: pushing the cable (100) through a second guide (400) to direct the cable (100) Withthe target (122) to the first guide (4100); pushing the cable (100) through a third guide (3500) to guide the cable (100) into aselected instrumentation tube (5 0); pulling the cable (100) through the third guide (3500), the first guide (4100), and intothe second guide (400); pushing the cable (100) through the second guide (400) to direct the cable (100) Withthe irradiated target (122) to the loading/unloading area (2000); and removing the irradiated target (122) from the cable (100). 31
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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